Repositorio Unicesar

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    Design and Evaluation of Logistics Systems with FlexSim: Case Study and Continuous Improvement
    (2025) Luis Rodrigo Aroca Martínez; Jorge Alberto Lizarazo Basto
    The purpose of this article is the design and evaluation of logistics systems, validating the paradigm of discrete simulation. The basic concepts of efficient logistics systems are reviewed; Modules are added that standardize modeling and evaluation in simulations, increasing the reliability and speed in the execution of the process. This has led to the creation of a Supply Chain Management System, which has been developed with the clear objective of modeling an effective supply chain that allows for the optimal management of each and every one of the various processes involved in it. The main purpose of this approach is to reduce operating costs, obtain valuable information that facilitates crucial decision-making and the possibility of optimizing or simulating various alternatives that may arise in the logistics field.
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    Competencias digitales: El motor estratégico del futuro organizacional
    (2025-08-26) Jacib De Jesus Freile Acosta
    En un contexto empresarial caracterizado por la transformación digital acelerada, las competencias digitales se consolidan como un eje estratégico para el fortalecimiento organizacional. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo principal analizar el nivel de competencias digitales en 44 pequeñas y medianas empresas del municipio de Becerril, Cesar-Colombia, utilizando un enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental y corte transversal. Se aplicó un censo poblacional mediante una encuesta estructurada con escala tipo Likert. El instrumento validado por juicio de expertos y sometido a prueba piloto, obteniéndose una confiabilidad de 0,84 según el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, lo cual garantiza una alta consistencia interna. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva. Los resultados revelaron un nivel general moderado, con debilidades relevantes en alfabetización digital, uso eficiente de herramientas y adaptación al cambio tecnológico, asociadas a una baja inversión en formación. Se concluye que, para enfrentar los desafíos de la era digital, es necesario implementar estrategias formativas integrales, alineadas con las necesidades organizacionales, que integren competencias técnicas, pensamiento crítico y cultura de innovación. Solo a través de este enfoque será posible potenciar el capital humano, optimizar procesos y mejorar la productividad y competitividad de pequeñas y medianas empresas en entornos cada vez más exigentes y cambiantes.
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    INSOLVENCY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR BANKRUPTCY IN COLOMBIAN CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES DURING THE YEARS 2019 TO 2022
    (2025-10) Armando Diaz Salcedo; Eider Javier Nuñez Perez; Huberts Andres Montaño Quintero; Marlon Lopez De Castro
    This study examines the probability of bankruptcy and insolvency in Colombian construction companies between 2019 and 2022. The Z2 model has been shown to have an 82% accuracy rate in predicting the risk of insolvency, demonstrating its value as a preventive measure. According to the research, risk levels increased significantly from 2019, particularly in 2020 when a notable increase in companies with a high probability of going bankrupt was found as a result of the limitations of the pandemic. The results show a clear correlation between the levels of bankruptcy risk and financial attributes such as the structure of own funds. In addition, a strong association between the results of the model and the capital structure of the companies is confirmed. Beyond offering revealing information for the construction sector, this study creates prospects for future research in other economic sectors affected by similar circumstances.
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    Use of Mycorrhiza as Environmental Social Responsibility: The Case of Melon Cultivation and Marketing in Valledupar
    (2025-06-18) Sabas Antonio Vega Mejia
    In this study, the effect of mycorrhiza on a commercial melon crop in the township of Guacoche, Valledupar, Cesar, was evaluated within the framework of the environmental social responsibility work of the Popular University of Cesar. A randomized complete block design with divided plots was used, where the first factor was the mycorrhiza dose (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 g per 10 kg of soil), and five mycorrhizal plots and four controls were established, in addition to five replications. The second factor was the crop sampling cycle (10, 20, and 30 days, plus 10 days after harvest). To collect data on the variable number of leaves, two plants were randomly taken from each subsample, classified into two types according to their morphology, each representing a melon crop cycle; two subsamples containing 100 g of soil with strictly measured diluted water were used to analyze six elements. The results showed that plants treated with mycorrhiza exhibited better growth and yield compared to the controls, evidencing greater efficiency in nutrient absorption such as phosphorus, calcium, and nitrogen, which reduces the need for chemical fertilizers. Likewise, the fruits from mycorrhizal plants showed better quality and maturation, and a decrease in production costs and an improvement in photosynthetic activity were observed. It is concluded that the application of mycorrhiza in melon cultivation in Valledupar has a positive impact on the growth, yield, and quality of the fruits, aligning with the principles of environmental social responsibility and sustainable agriculture. However, greater dissemination, training, and technical support are required to promote its adoption among farmers in the region, who face barriers such as lack of knowledge, the cost of the input, and the lack of technology for its management.
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    PRODUCCIÓN ACADÉMICA DE LOS DOCENTES DEL PROGRAMA DE ECONOMÍA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD POPULAR DEL CESAR, 2024
    (Universidad Popular del Cesar, 2024-12-04) Paternina Arias, Manuel José & Payares Carrascal, Jesús David
    RESUMEN La investigación Producción Académica de los docentes del Programa de Economía de la Universidad Popular del Cesar, 2024. Analizó las condiciones que afectan la producción académica de los docentes del Programa de Economía de la Universidad Popular del Cesar, con el objetivo de identificar limitaciones y proponer estrategias para fortalecer esta dimensión fundamental en la educación superior. La investigación combinó enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos, utilizando cuestionarios y análisis documental para recopilar información detallada. Los hallazgos evidenciaron que una proporción significativa de los docentes desconocía convocatorias internas (41.2%) y procedimientos administrativos para acceder a incentivos (41.2%). Además, el 67.6% de los docentes no había publicado artículos científicos en los últimos cinco años, reflejando una baja productividad académica. Entre los factores limitantes se encontraron la insuficiente difusión de oportunidades, falta de conocimiento sobre incentivos y procedimientos, y barreras institucionales. El estudio concluyó que es necesario reforzar la comunicación interna, optimizar el acceso a recursos e incentivos, y fomentar una cultura institucional que valore y apoye la investigación. Estas recomendaciones buscan mejorar los indicadores de calidad y posicionar al Programa de Economía como un referente en la generación de conocimiento. ABSTRACT The research "Academic Production of the Faculty of the Economics Program at the Universidad Popular del Cesar, 2024" analyzed the conditions affecting the academic production of the faculty in the Economics Program, with the aim of identifying limitations and proposing strategies to strengthen this fundamental dimension in higher education. The research combined qualitative and quantitative approaches, using questionnaires and document analysis to collect detailed information. The findings revealed that a significant proportion of faculty members were unaware of internal calls (41.2%) and administrative procedures to access incentives (41.2%). Additionally, 67.6% of faculty members had not published scientific articles in the last five years, reflecting low academic productivity. Among the limiting factors, insufficient dissemination of opportunities, lack of knowledge about incentives and procedures, and institutional barriers were identified. The study concluded that it is necessary to strengthen internal communication, optimize access to resources and incentives, and foster an institutional culture that values and supports research. These recommendations aim to improve quality indicators and position the Economics Program as a benchmark in knowledge generation.